Initiation characteristics of oblique detonation waves from a finite wedge under argon dilution

In this paper, the flow field characteristics of Oblique Detonation Waves (ODWs) induced by a finite wedge under argon dilution are studied by solving the Euler equations with a detailed chemical model of hydrogen and air. First, the effects of the expansion waves, argon concentration, geometric parameters, and Mach number on the ODW are discussed. The results show that the changes of these parameters may make the oblique detonation not be initiated. Then, the ODW initiation criterion of the finite wedge is summarized, as the characteristic length of the induction zone L_C and the characteristic length of the oblique wedge L_W meet the condition L_C/L_W < 1, the initiation of the ODW occurs; otherwise, it does not occur. What’s more, the Constant Volume Combustion (CVC) theory is applied to study the characteristic length of induction zone. It is found that CVC theory is more suitable for the “smooth transition” type of ODW flow field, the theoretical and numerical characteristic length in induction regions are in good agreement. This work is of great significance for the design of oblique detonation engines for hypersonic vehicles.     

基于模态反转的半球谐振陀螺零位自校准方法

针对半球谐振陀螺的零位漂移问题，本文研究了基于模态反转电路控制技术的零位自校准方法。首先，从动力学模型引入阻尼不对称、频率裂解等非理想因素，讨论半球谐振陀螺的工作机理及驻波漂移特性。其次，通过理论分析模态反转的零位校准以及虚拟进动控制的模态反转技术。最后，基于FPGA数字控制平台，设计并实现了半球谐振陀螺零位自校准半实物仿真实验。实验结果表明，基于模态反转的半球谐振陀螺零位校准，实现了半球谐振陀螺的零位从15 降低至2 ，短期零偏稳定性和长期稳定性也分别提高了11.8％和45.86％，有效地抑制了零位漂移，提高了半球谐振陀螺测量精度。     

Injection of 40-kHz-modulated electron beam from the satellite: II. Excitation of electrostatic and whistler waves

Beam-plasma interaction effects are studied during the active space experiment with electron and Xe-ion beam injections in an ionospheric plasma. Permanent 40-kHz-modulated electron beam injection occurs simultaneously with a xenon-ion beam injected by the Hall-type plasma thruster operating in a square-pulse mode (100/50 s for a job/pause duration). The unusual behavior of the background charged particle fluxes and wave activity stimulated during the beam-plasma interaction have been registered by the scientific instruments onboard Intercosmos-25 station (IK-25) and Magion-3 subsatellite. The longitudinal and electromagnetic wave instabilities and their mutual relationship are considered in order to explain the observed effects. The excitation of electrostatic waves by the electron injection has been considered for different resonance conditions near the linear stability boundary. Beam-driven electromagnetic instability is responsible for the backward-propagating whistler waves excited via cyclotron resonance. Competition of these two beam instabilities is one of the subjects of the present study.     

Case study of inclined sporadic E layers in the Earth’s ionosphere observed by CHAMP/GPS radio occultations: Coupling between the tilted plasma layers and internal waves

We have used the radio occultation (RO) satellite data CHAMP/GPS (Challenging Minisatellite Payload/Global Positioning System) for studying the ionosphere of the Earth. A method for deriving the parameters of ionospheric structures is based upon an analysis of the RO signal variations in the phase path and intensity. This method allows one to estimate the spatial displacement of a plasma layer with respect to the ray perigee, and to determine the layer inclination and height correction values. In this paper, we focus on the case study of inclined sporadic E (E_s) layers in the high-latitude ionosphere based on available CHAMP RO data. Assuming that the internal gravity waves (IGWs) with the phase-fronts parallel to the ionization layer surfaces are responsible for the tilt angles of sporadic plasma layers, we have developed a new technique for determining the parameters of IGWs linked with the inclined E_s structures. A small-scale internal wave may be modulating initially horizontal E_s layer in height and causing a direction of the plasma density gradient to be rotated and aligned with that of the wave propagation vector k. The results of determination of the intrinsic wave frequency and period, vertical and horizontal wavelengths, intrinsic vertical and horizontal phase speeds, and other characteristics of IGWs under study are presented and discussed.     

应用后缘装置的跨声速层流翼型多岛优化设计

高雷诺数状态下,自然层流技术(Natural laminar flow,NLF)是减小机翼表面湍流摩擦阻力的有效方法。然而由于层流翼面上大范围顺压梯度的存在使得后缘处的恢复压差更大,产生更强的激波。因此在减小摩擦阻力的同时又增加了激波阻力。本文采用后缘装置(Trailing edge device,TED)来控制翼型后缘处的激波强度,基于线性稳定性理论(Linear stability theory,LST)的eN方法对流动进行转捩判断,进而应用多岛并行多目标进化算法(multi-objective evolutionary algorithm,MOEA)以获得大范围层流区域和弱化激波强度为目标对翼型进行优化设计。优化结果表明合作均衡策略耦合进化算法可以快速地捕捉到该多目标问题的Pareto阵面解,阵面上翼型的波阻力和摩擦阻力性能较初始翼型大大改善。同时,采用后缘装置控制激波强度时,无论在设计点还是偏离设计点时,优化后翼型均具有良好的升阻力特性和鲁棒性。     

多种工质下螺旋波等离子体源波场结构数值模拟

针对螺旋波等离子体放电机理，开展了多种工质条件下的螺旋波放电等离子体内波场结构数值模拟研究。计算发现:氦气等离子体的Er分量在径向边界处的峰值更为突出，有利于等离子体在径向的输运，波电场径向分量决定了电流密度径向分量在内部的表现。在0.266 Pa和1.064 Pa两种气体压强条件下，通过波场结构验证了气压对于波阻尼影响的结论。波场结构是螺旋波在等离子体内传播以及能量沉积的微观体现，研究螺旋波波场结构是揭示其高电离效率的重要途径。初步探索了功率耦合机制，为实验系统优化及实验方案设定奠定理论基础。     

非预混条件下的旋转爆轰燃烧室双波头演化过程数值模拟

针对旋转爆轰燃烧室双波头演化过程中流场结构变化的问题,对非预混条件下的旋转爆轰燃烧室从起爆到形成稳定的双波头过程进行了数值模拟研究。研究结果表明,从起爆到形成稳定爆轰过程,燃烧室主要经历了起爆、爆轰波对撞和稳定爆轰三个阶段；在爆轰波对撞阶段,首次对撞是两个爆轰波间的对撞,由于对撞点处缺少新鲜混合气,从而在对撞结束后衰减为两个压力波。第二次对撞是两个压力波间的对撞,因为在第二次对撞点附近存在新鲜混合气来支撑爆轰波的持续传播,故对撞结束后产生了一个爆轰波和一个较弱的压力波；第二次对撞发生后,燃烧室内的压力波反射叠加并形成局部高压区,此高压区压缩气体使气体温度升高,高温气体引燃混合气后,最终发展成为第二个爆轰波；稳定阶段,两个爆轰波均能稳定自持传播,爆轰波峰面压力可达1.45MPa,波后温度为2500K,爆轰波速度稳定在1738m/s,产生的推力与比冲分别为79.76N和2312.15s；斜激波的存在使燃烧室出口平面流场产生了较大波动。      

脉冲爆震载荷作用下转子系统动力学特性

针对脉冲爆震涡轮发动机(PDTE)气动载荷具有周期性、非定常的特点,应用有限元法建立了PDTE转子系统动力学特性计算模型。在验证计算模型准确性的基础上,研究了周期性、非定常轴向力和扭矩对转子系统动力学特性的影响。研究结果表明:与传统燃气涡轮发动机相比,PDTE转子系统同时存在弯曲振动、轴向振动和扭转振动。脉冲爆震燃烧室的气动载荷会改变转子系统的弯曲刚度,但对气动载荷合理设计后,其对弯曲振动的影响较小。周期性、非定常轴向力引起转子系统轴向振动,且轴向振动特性主要受零频和1阶轴向共振频率处响应的影响。PDTE工作时滚珠轴承的轴向支反力会不断变向,在设计滚珠轴承时应予以考虑。周期性、非定常扭矩引起转子系统扭转振动,1阶扭转共振频率分量在扭转振动响应中占优。      

调频连续波合成孔径雷达滑动聚束成像算法

调频连续波(FMCW)体制下,传统脉冲合成孔径雷达(SAR)的"走—停"回波模型已经不再适用,快时间走动项引入的距离-方位耦合项不可以忽略,否则会使图像质量的降低。该文首先构建FMCW回波模型,其次,提出了一种基于两步式的滑动聚束SAR成像算法。所提算法针对滑动聚束模式中,多普勒历程大于脉冲重复频率(PRF)所造成的频谱混叠问题,采用方位频域去斜的预处理加以解决。由于距离徙动校正(RCMC)后方位时域依旧混叠,该算法通过方位去斜在频域完成聚焦避免再一次的解混叠操作。通过仿真验证,该算法能够实现高精度的FMCW SAR滑动聚束成像。     

Satellite launch vehicle effect on the Earth’s lower ionosphere: A case study

The effect of the rocket exhaust products on the D-region of the ionosphere is investigated with the help of Very low frequency (VLF) electromagnetic wave propagation characteristics within the Earth-ionosphere waveguide. The changes in the electron density profile are computed from the observed VLF signal amplitude perturbations about 3 dB during the rocket launch. We find a localized electron depletion in the lower ionosphere at an altitude of around 58 km, that is thought to be originated by the attachment of ionospheric ion and molecular hydrogen along with water molecule in the exhaust product of first stage burn of Geosynchronous Launch Vehicle (GSLV) rocket at the time of GSLV launched from Sriharikota, India, on 27 August 2015 at 11:22 UT (16:52 IST). The ionospheric depletion perturbed the navigational VLF signal (VTX = 17 kHz) 134 s after the launch of the GSLV rocket.